| you are: the Main route
In other words, Netherlanders not only defend - they for a long time have gone over to the offensive, winning from the sea all new and new earths. Curiously that for the last centuries in this plan a little that has changed. And today huge territories have not turned to bogs only because on them drying works are constantly conducted. All coming to the Netherlands pay attention to an unusual picture: fields and especially meadows where the cattle is grazed, are broken into squares which are surrounded by the ditches filled with water. Such drainage ditches occupy to 5 percent of useful areas. But there will be no they, accumulating water quickly would transform these sites into bogs. To support such earths as it should be it is difficult enough and expensive. Water needs to be deleted-pumped over from drainage ditches constantly in channels or the rivers. Earlier in swapping places established windmills which blades drove water and as it was demanded by each drainage system also mills it was necessary much. All rural open spaces have been covered by the mills, working put both night. From here and tritely obscure at first sight the Dutch expression - Â"to grind before drainageÂ".
Â"In 1836, K.Marx wrote, - in Holland there were in a course 12 Open Companies of wind engines in 6000 horsepowers which protected two thirds of country of return transformation into a bogÂ". And it is difficult to present a today's landscape of the Netherlands without mills with huge 20-30-метровыми wings. Occasionally mills still continue to carry out the functions, and remain basically for attraction of tourists more often. A mill - an indispensable element of the Dutch landscape. As a matter of fact, it has already turned for a long time to an informal symbol of the country.
, As is known, people began to use Force of a wind over three thousand years ago in Ancient Egypt. The first windmills have appeared in England in IX century, and in Holland which before recent time named Â"the country of windmillsÂ", they have appeared hardly later. But also mills are replaced for a long time with pumps. Dutches applied steam pumps in 1836-1837 when drained Garlemsky lake on which place airport Shiphol is nowadays located. However return to idea more an effective utilisation of force of a wind today is planned. In 1931 at us, in Crimea, it has been constructed first-ever vetroelektro - station with blades in diameter of 30 metres. Then the result was rather modest - the station developed only 100 watt. Later the similar station with wings already in 52 metres has been constructed by ten years in the USA, but also it has appeared rather low-power.
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